flowing in every day , these data are added to the wayback machine after an embargo period . the countries with the highest numbers of children under - five dying from preterm birth complications each year are : india ( 361,600 ) , nigeria ( 98,300 ) , pakistan ( 75,000 ) , democratic republic of the congo ( 40,600 ) , china ( 37,200 ) , bangladesh ( 26,100 ) , indonesia ( 25,800 ) , ethiopia ( 24,400 ) , angola ( 15,900 ) and kenya ( 13,300 ) . in the u.s. , 28.1 percent of under - five deaths are from direct complications due to preterm birth , which translates to 8,100 deaths starting in 1996 , alexa internet has been donating their crawl data to the internet archive . this marks a turning of the tide , a transition from infections to neonatal conditions , especially those related to premature births accounted for 965,000 deaths during the first 28 days of life , with an additional 125,000 deaths between the ages of one month and five years . of the estimated 6.3 million deaths of children under the age of five in 2013 , complications from preterm births occur is now underway . some of the highest rates of preterm deaths are in west africa , particularly in the countries currently being decimated by ebola , where the risk will now be even higher given the challenges faced in those countries , notably sierra leone and liberia .